What does cotton-wool spots indicate?

What does cotton-wool spots indicate?

Pathophysiology. Cotton wool spots are believed to occur secondary to ischemia from retinal arteriole obstruction. It is thought to represent nerve fiber layer infarct and pre-capillary arteriolar occlusion.

What is a myelinated nerve fiber?

Myelinated retinal nerve fiber layers (MRNF) are retinal nerve fibers anterior to the lamina cribrosa that, unlike normal retinal nerve fibers, have a myelin sheath. Clinically, they appear to be gray-white well-demarcated patches with frayed borders on the anterior surface of the neurosensory retina.

What are cotton-wool spots on retina?

Cotton-wool spots (CWS) (Figure) are acute signs of vascular insufficiency to an area of retina. They have been described in many conditions, but only occasionally cause symptoms in patients. The most common symptoms associated with retinal CWS can include scotoma, arcuate defects, blurred vision, and amaurosis fugax.

What is the most common cause of cotton-wool spots?

Diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension are by far the most common cause of cotton-wool spots.

Does diabetes cause cotton wool spots?

Diabetes is the most common cause of cotton-wool spots. The presence of more than eight cotton-wool spots has been associated with a higher risk of the more severe form of diabetic retinopathy known as proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

What is the difference between myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers?

Myelinated Nerve Fibers: Myelinated nerve fibers are the nerve fibers that are insulated by a myelin sheath, allowing the faster conduction of the action potential along the nerve fiber. Unmyelinated Nerve Fibers: Unmyelinated nerve fibers are the nerve fibers that do not have a myelin sheath.

What is another name for myelinated nerve fibers?

Myelinated Nerve Fibers (MNF) Myelinated retinal nerve fibers (MNFs) are relatively common and occur in about 1% of the population.

Can lupus cause cotton wool spots?

A non-specific retinopathy commonly presents in SLE patients. It typically occurs bilaterally but may be unilateral or asymmetric. The most common findings include cotton-wool spots and hemorrhages. Less common findings include hard exudates, retinal edema, visual acuity loss or metamorphopsia, and vascular tortuosity.

Does diabetes cause cotton-wool spots?

Can lupus cause cotton-wool spots?

What is the difference between myelinated and non myelinated axon?

Note:Thus there are a variety of differences between the myelinated and non- myelinated axons that impacts the transfer of nerve impulses….Complete answer:

Myelinated axon	Non-myelinated axon
Nerve impulses are transmitted faster.	Nerve impulses are transmitted slower than myelinated nerve cells.

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