What is dexamethasone?
Dexamethasone is a synthetic pregnane corticosteroid and derivative of cortisol (hydrocortisone) and is also known as 1-dehydro-9α-fluoro-16α-methylhydrocortisone or as 9α-fluoro-11β,17α,21-trihydroxy-16α-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. The molecular and crystal structure of dexamethasone has been determined by X-ray crystallography.
How long do the effects of dexamethasone last?
The effects of dexamethasone are frequently seen within a day and last for about three days. The long-term use of dexamethasone may result in thrush, bone loss, cataracts, easy bruising, or muscle weakness.
How is dexamethasone half-life reduced in HIV infection?
Inducers of hepatic microsomal enzymes such as barbiturates, phenytoin, and rifampicin can reduce the half-life of dexamethasone. Cotreatment with oral contraceptives can increase its volume of distribution.
How should I take dexamethasone tablets?
Use this medicine (dexamethasone tablets) as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely. Take in the morning if taking once a day. Take with food to prevent an upset stomach.
Can you cut or crush dexamethasone?
You can cut or crush the tablet. Storage. Keep dexamethasone tablets at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C). Don’t store this medication in moist or damp areas, such as
How is dexamethasone half-life reduced?
Inducers of hepatic microsomal enzymes such as barbiturates, phenytoin, and rifampicin can reduce the half-life of dexamethasone. Cotreatment with oral contraceptives can increase its volume of distribution. As a glucocorticoid, dexamethasone is an agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR).
What are the instructions for taking dexamethasone?
Follow all instructions closely. Take in the morning if taking once a day. Take with food to prevent an upset stomach. To gain the most benefit, do not miss doses. Keep taking this medicine (dexamethasone tablets) as you have been told by your doctor or other health care provider, even if you feel well.
How do I use dexamethasone intensol™?
The Dexamethasone Intensol™ solution is a concentrated liquid. Measure the concentrated liquid with the special oral dropper that comes with the package. The liquid should be added to water, juice, soda or a soda-like beverage, applesauce, or pudding. Stir the mixture well and drink or eat it right away. Do not store the mixture for future use.
What is Dexamethasone intravitreal steroid used for?
Dexamethasone intravitreal steroid implants have been approved by the FDA to treat ocular conditions such as diabetic macular edema, central retinal vein occlusion, and uveitis. Dexamethasone has also been used with antibiotics to treat acute endophthalmitis.
What is the typical dose of dexamethasone for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura?
Usual Pediatric Dose for Idiopathic (Immune) Thrombocytopenic Purpura. 0.6 mg/kg/day oral/IV for 4 days every 4 weeks for 6 cycles. Comments: -High-dose dexamethasone may be considered appropriate second-line treatment in those who have significant bleeding despite IVIg, anti-D, or a short course of corticosteroids.
How do you use dexamethasone cream?
As a general rule of thumb, healthcare providers use the lowest effective dose of dexamethasone to reduce the risk of side effects. When used as a patch, cream, or eye drops, the medication is generally applied directly to the affected area.
What are the side effects of dexamethasone for heart failure?
For people with congestive heart failure: Dexamethasone can increase sodium levels, edema (swelling), and potassium loss. This can make your heart failure worse. Before taking this drug, talk to your doctor about whether it’s safe for you. For people with high blood pressure: Dexamethasone can increase sodium levels and edema (swelling).
How does dexamethasone affect CYP 3A4 levels?
Drugs which inhibit CYP 3A4 ( e.g., ketoconazole, macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin) have the potential to result in increased plasma concentrations of corticosteroids. Dexamethasone is a moderate inducer of CYP 3A4. Co-adminstration with other drugs that are metabolized by CYP 3A4 ( e.g., indinavir,…
Can I stop taking this medicine (dexamethasone) all of a sudden?
Do not stop taking this medicine (dexamethasone tablets) all of a sudden without calling your doctor. You may have a greater risk of side effects. If you need to stop this medicine (dexamethasone tablets), you will want to slowly stop it as ordered by your doctor.
Can dexamethasone be substituted for glucocorticoid?
(Conditional recommendation, Moderate certainty of evidence) Remark: Dexamethasone 6 mg IV or PO for 10 days (or until discharge if earlier) or equivalent glucocorticoid dose may be substituted if dexamethasone unavailable.